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Notes
“Greensleeves” is perhaps the most famous piece of English music in history. While a popular myth suggests it was composed by King Henry VIII for Anne Boleyn, it was more likely written during the Elizabethan era in the late 16th century. It was even mentioned by name in Shakespeare’s The Merry Wives of Windsor, proving it was already a “household” tune by 1602.
Beyond its later association with the Christmas carol “What Child Is This?”, the original tune was a broadside ballad—often used for both romantic pining and political satire.
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The Rhythm: It is set in 6/8 time, giving it a graceful, rolling lilt. Depending on the tempo, it can feel like a stately court dance or a mournful, flowing air.
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The Key: Traditionally played in A Minor (specifically A Aeolian or Dorian), it is famous for its “raised” seventh note in certain passages, which gives it that quintessential Renaissance “sharpness” and sophisticated melodic arc.
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The Structure: It follows a classic AABB structure. The A-part is a downward-drifting, melancholy melody, while the B-part provides a triumphant “lift” before gently descending back to the home key.